The process of heating then cooling metal to improve its formability and to make its surface more durable.

An ore from which alumina and aluminum is eventuially smelted. Bauxite usually contains at tleast 45% alumina. Approximately four pounds of bauxite are required to produce a pound of aluminum.

A cylindrically shaped furnance lined wih refractory bricks which is used by integrated steel mills to smelt iron from iron ore.

Steel without substantial amounts of other alloying elements. Carbon steel's properties are dependent uponits carbon content.

The proccess of rolling steel without first reheating. Cold rolling makes steel easier to machine by reducing the metal's thickness and giving it a smooth surface.

Theprocess of transforming a metal into a finished state by machining , forming or joining.

Plate, strip, or sheet products made by passing metal througfh pairs of rollers with flat surfaces. Common flat roll products include sheet, strip, plate, black plate, and tin plate.

Carbon steelthat has been coated with zinc to increase its resistance to corrision.

A processin which steel slabs are reduced in thickness.

A large metal shape formed when molten steel or aluminum is poured int oan ingot mold to solidify. The metal is later reheated and rolled into a semifinished shape suc has a billet , bloom, or slab.

A mineral containing enough iron to be a commercially viable source of the element for use as steelmaking.

Structural or shaped products such as beams , bars, and billets , that are formed by passing the metal through rollers with grooved or cut faces.

A unit of mass equal to 2,204.6 pounds.

Steel or aluminum that has been fabricated into an intermediate form before being made into a finished product .

The process of using acid to remove undesirable scale that can form on metal surface during hot rolling and annealing.

The tem used for the melted iron produced in a blast furnance.

A semifinished aluminum or steel product that is later rolled or processed into a finished product.

A process where ore is melted in order to extract or refine the metal it contains.

Grades of steel containing more than 10% chromium, which are combined with other alloys to resist corrosion.

An international trading body that facilitates the open market sale and purchase of metals worldwide.